小升初语法讲义---句子分类Therebe句式知识精要1． Therebe句型的理解和综合运用2. Therebe与have的区别要点讲练Therebe句型也叫作存在句，它是英语中一种常见的句型结构，表示在某地存在某物（某人）或在某时发生某事一、Therebe句型结构1、therebe结构的肯定句（1）Thereis+可数名词单数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语Eg.Thereisaflowerinthebottle.瓶里有一朵花。Thereissomemoneyinthepurse.钱包里有些钱。（2）Thereare+可数名词复数+地点/时间状语Eg.Therearemanybooksintheshelf.书架上有一些书。2、therebe结构的否定句therebe结构的否定句是在be后加＂not＂或＂no＂,表示“没有”之意。如果句中有some，变否定句时需将some变为any。Eg.Therearenotany/noflowersinthevast.花瓶里没有花。3、therebe结构的疑问句（1）一般疑问句及其答语therebe结构的一般疑问句通常是把be提至there前，首字母大写，句末用问号，其肯定的回答为＂Yes，thereis/are＂,否定回答为＂No，thereisn’t/aren’t＂。Eg.－Isthereacomputerinyourroom?你房间里有电脑吗？ －Yes，thereis/No，thereisn’t是的，有。/不，没有。（2）特殊疑问句及其回答①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用whatis+地点介词短语?(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。Eg.Therearesomebirdsinthetree.→What'sinthetree?②就therebe后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用whereis/are+主语?如:Thereisacarinthestreet.→Whereisthecar?③提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用howmany,句型结构为howmany+复数名词+arethere+其它?(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。如:Thereisacatunderthebed.→Howmanycatsarethereunderthebed?二、Therebe句型中be的确定1、在一般现在时的therebe结构中，be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或者可数名词单数时be用is；主语是可数名词复数时be用are。在一般过去时中，therebe则相应地用therewas或者thereare。Eg.Thereisanelephant.Therearetwodogs.2、若句子中有几个并列的主语，be的形式要与离其最近的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致，简称“就近原则”Eg.Thereisaflowerandtwotablesintheroom.Therearetwotablesandaflowerintheroom.小口诀：Be动词，有三个，am，is还有are。“Therebe”真特别，不留am只留俩，那就是is还有are。要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：Thereisatreebehindthehouse.三、Therebe句型与have/has的区别1、不同点Therebe句型和have,has都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：Therebe表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have,has表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。Eg.①Hehastwosons.他有两个儿子。 ②Therearetwomenintheoffice.办公室里有两个男人。2、相同点当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，Therebe句型与其可互换。Eg.Aweekhassevendays.=Therearesevendaysinaweek.一个星期有七天。Therebe句型专项练习一、用be的正确形式填空1.There_________apianoagainstthewall.2.There_________someflowersonthedesk.3.There_________someteainthecup.4.There_________twotinsofcokeinthebag.5.There_________threebuildingsandabeautifulgardeninourschool.6.There_________somemeat,somebreadandsomeapplesonthetable.7.There_________apictureandaclockonthewall.8.There_________avolleyballmatchinourschoolthedayaftertomorrow.9.There_________nofactories,hospitalsandschoolsherefiftyyearsago.10.There__________somethingwrongwithyourwatch.11.There________anymailforyoutoday.12.There________anylettersinthemailboxtoday.13.Howmanykindsofanimals________thereinthisarea?二、按要求进行句型转换Therearesomekitesonthewall.（改为否定句）_________________________________________________________Thereissomericeinthebag.（改为一般疑问句）_________________________________________________________Thereareforty-eightpupilsinMissGuo’sclass.（对画线部分提问）_________________________________________________________Mr.Greenhastwosons.（对画线部分提问）___________________________________________Hisunclehassomenewstory-books.（改为一般疑问句）___________________________________________________6、Thereisawomannearthehouse.（变复数）_________________________________________________7、Therearesomebusesnearthehill.（变单数）____________________________________________________8、Therearesomeapplesonthetree.（变一般问句）______________________________________________________9、Therearesomeorangesintheglass.（变否定句）_______________________________________________________10、Isthereababyintheroom?（变复数）_____________________________________________________11、Therearemanybeautifulflowersinthegarden.(就划线部分提问)______________________inthegarden?12、Thereisabookcaseinmystudy.（变一般问句） _________________________________inyourstudy?13、Thereisasoccerballandabasketballonthefloor._____________________onthefloor?14、Mynewdressisinthewardrobe.____________________yournewdress?15、Therearesomebigtreesbehindmyhouse.____________________________bigtrees?三、根据中文提示，完成句子学校图书馆有各种各样的书。__________________allkindsofbooks__________________________.你有问题要问老师吗？_______you__________________________________theteacher?明天有班会，后天有电影。___________________________aclassmeetingtomorrowand_________________________afilmthedayaftertomorrow.下个月有几场足球赛。_____________________________________________________nextmonth?你有几双鞋？________________________________shoes_______you_______?6、桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。There___________abookandtwopensonthedesk.7、钱包里有些钱。There____________somemoneyinthepicture.8、在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。____________________somecardsinJim’sbag.9、里面还有其他的东西吗？______________________anythingelseinit?10、我们学校有许多班。There____________many___________inourschool.11、树上没有鸟。There_______________________birdsinthetree.四、选择填空：1.Arethereanymapsonthewall?___A.Therearesome. B.Yes,thereis.  C.Yes,thereisone.  D.No,thereare.2.Howmany____arethereinthepicture?A.womanB.womenC.buyD.milk3.Therearen’t___treesnearthehouse.Thereisonlyone.A.any B.someC.manyD.much4.There___twobowlsofriceonthetable.A.isB.haveC.hasD.are5.Arethere___housesneartheriver?Yes,thereare_______   .A.some,some   B.any,some  C.any,any  D.some,any6.Thereare_____daysinaweek．A．thesevenB．seventhC．theseventhD．seven7.Therearefew_____inthefridge．Let'sgoandbuysomepeasandcabbages．A．vegetablesB．fruitC．meatD．eggs8.Look！Therearesome_____onthefloor．A．childB．waterC．boxesD．girl9．Thereweretwo_____peopleatyesterday'smeeting．A．hundredsB．hundr