第八讲冠词词汇play /plei/ v.参加(比赛或运动)；玩耍guitarn.吉他chessn.国际象棋pianon.钢琴drumn.喇叭violinn.小提琴baseball /'beisbɔ:l/ n.棒球tennis /'tenis/ n.网球ping-pong 乒乓球soccer /'sɔkə/ n.(英式)足球volleyball /'vɔlibɔ:l/ n.排球basketball /'bɑ:skitbɔ:l/ n.篮球middle /'midl/ adj.中间的n.中间school /sku:l/ n.学校southn.南；南方northn.北；北方eastn.东方westn.西方month /mʌnθ/ n.月；月份January /'dʒænjuəri/ n.一月February /'februəri/ n.二月March /mɑ:tʃ/ n.三月April /'eiprəl/ n.四月May /mei/ n.五月June /dʒu:n/ n.六月July /dʒu:'lai/ n.七月August /ɔ:'gʌst/ n.八月September /sep'tembə/ n.九月October /ɔk'təubə/ n.十月November /nəu'vembə/ n.十一月December /di'sembə/ n.十二月Sunday /'sʌndi/ n.星期日Monday /'mʌndi/ n.星期一Tuesdayn.星期二Wednesday /'wenzdi/ n.星期三Thursday /'θə:zdi/ n.星期四Friday /'fraidi/ n.星期五Saturday /'sætədi/ n.星期六Tuesday /'tju:zdi/ n.星期二sunn.太阳moonn.月亮earthn.地球subject /'sʌbdʒikt,sʌb'dʒekt/ n.学科；科目science /'saiəns/ n.科学music /'mju:zik/ n.音乐；乐曲math /mæθ/ n.数学Chinese /'tʃai'ni:z/ n.语文；汉语adj.中国的geography /dʒi'ɔgrəfi/ n.地理(学)history /'histəri/ n.历史Japanese日语French法语English英语Russian俄语German德语Spanish西班牙语Korean韩语Indian印度语dinner /'dinə/ n.正餐breakfast /'brekfəst/ n.早餐；早饭lunch /lʌntʃ/ n.午餐supern.晚餐workn.&v.工作showern.v淋浴;淋浴器（间）speakv.说；说话tellv.n讲述；告诉storyn故事；小说talkv.n说话；谈话二、知识讲解冠词定义：不能独立使用，通常放在名词的前面分为：不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。1、不定冠词：a、an。用在单数名词前，表示“一个，一件……”。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。注：这里的元音音素和辅音音素是指读音，而不是指字母。元音音素:/i:/ /ɪ/  /e/ /æ/ /ɑ:/ /ʌ/ /ɔ:/  /ɒ/ /u:/ /ʊ/ /ɜ://ə/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/  apen/pen/一支钢笔(/p/为辅音音素)anorange/’ɒrindʒ/一个桔子(/ɒ/为元音音素)Practice判断下列名词前用a还是an.________HB________English________map________cup________ruler________pen________jacket________key________UFO________eraser______hour    _______ honest boyThereis_______“U”intheword“university”.Thereis_______“b”,_______“o”and_______“x”intheword“box”.There is _________“n” on his paper.________ “c” is in “cat.”________“s” is in “sat.”    Is this _______ apple?      --No, it’s ______ egg.   --Is that ______ pencil?      --No, it’s ______ eraser.  That’s _____ English car.    --What’s that in English?     --It’s _____ car.  I am _____ teacher. This is _____ old desk.用法：（1）用在单数可数名词前，表示一个。Oneboyisaboy,twoboyshalfaboy,threeboysnoboy.Thereisanappleonthetable.（2）用在单数可数名词前，表示职业、身份。Sheisateacher.（3）固定搭配haveacold/headache/stomachache/toothache/sorethroat/feverhavearesttakeashower=haveashowerhaveawalk=takeawalk=goforawalkhavearesthalfanhour2、定冠词：the用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那、这些、那些。基本用法：（1）用来表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。Themaponthewallisnew.（2）表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。Lookattheboy,please.（3）表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。Thisisastamp.Thestampisbeautiful.（4）用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。thesun太阳themoon月亮theearth地球theGreatWall长城theChangjiangRiver长江（5）用在姓氏的复数前表示一家人。TheGreens（7）用于乐器前playtheguitar/piano/violin/drums（8）用于固定词组inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening,ontheleft/ontheright,inthemiddleof...,inthesouthinthewestintheeastinthenorth3、零冠词1)表示人名、地名、国家名的名词前ChinaBillBeijing2)节假日、月份、星期、四季前不加冠词，但中国传统节日前一般要加the.Women’sDayMother’sDayChristmasEasterTreePlantingDayFather’sDayinspring/summer/autumn/winter3)复数名词表示一类人或者事物时不用冠词。Ilikeapples.Rosesaremyfavouriteflowers.4)表示三餐、球类、棋类的名词前不用冠词。Sheneverhasbreakfast.playping-pongplaybasketballplayvolleyballplaytennisplaysoccer/footballplaybaseballplaychess5)表示学科、语言的名词前不用冠词。LilycanspeakChinese.固定词组athomeatlastontimeonfootatschoolatfirst真题演练I.选择填空。1．Ihave____pear;shehas____orange.A.a:aB.a;anC.an;aD.an;an2．Samlikesplaying____basketball.A.aB．theC．／3．Lucy'ssisteris____Englishteacher.AtheB．aC．／D.an4．Ioftenplay____violin,butIdon'tlikeplaying______basketball.A.／;／B.the;theC.the;／5.--Wouldyoulike______greendress,Lucy?--Sorry,mum.Iprefer______orangeone.A.an;anB.a;aC.an;aD.a;an6．Thisis______Englishbook.A．aB．anC．the7．Ourclassroomison____secondfloor.A.theB.aC．／8．Doyouhave____alarmclock?A.aB．anC．theD.／9．--Isit____ruler?--No.Itis____eraser.A.／;anB.a;anC.the;the10.Thereis______'b’,______‘o’and______'x'inthewordbox.A.a;an;aB.a;an;anC.a;a;aD.an,an,an11.I'm______doctor.Mycousinis______actor.A.the;theB.an;theC.a;anD.an;a12.Mikeisnotat______school.A.aBanC．theD．／13.--What'sthis?--It's____Englishbook.A．aB．anC．the14.Tonyhas____e-doganditsnameisHobo.A.aB．anC．theD.／15.Thereis______appletreeinmygarden.It'sover10yearsold.A．theB．aC．anD.／16.Whereis______football?Hewantstoplay____footballwithhisfriends.A.／;／B.the;theC./;theD.the;／17.Thereis____orangeand____bananaon______plate.A.a;an;aB.a;a;anC.an;a;the18.--Wehavethreemeals____day.Wehave______breakfastatseven.A.a;theB.a;/C.the;theD.the;a19.--What'sthisinEnglish?--It's____ruler.A．aB．theC.／D．an20.Thewordhandhas______hinit．A.aB．anC．theD.／21.Thereis______interestingstoryin____book.A.a;anB.a;aC.the;theD,an;the22.Thereis______uintheworduse.A．aB．theC．anD.／23.Krisbuys____book.______bookisveryinteresting.A.an;TheB.a;TheC.a;AD.the;The24.Look!Thereis______orangetreebehindthehouse.A.aB.anC.the25.--Doyouknow______girlinred?--Yes,she'smycousin.Sheis____middleschoolstudent.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the26.Lucy'ssisteris______Englishteacher.A．theB．aC．／D．an