八年级(上)Units7～8重点词汇1.future(n.)将来；未来2．environment(n.)环境3．planet(n.)行星4．plant(v.)种植 (n.)植物5．shape(n.)形状；外形6．during(prep.)在……期间7．shake(n.&v.)摇动；抖动8．pour(v.)倒出；倾倒9．finally(adv.)最后10.salt(n.)食盐11．machine(n.)机器；机械装置12．hole(n.)洞；孔；坑13．piece(n.)片；块；段14．traditional(adj.)传统的；惯例的15．celebrate(v.)庆祝16．cover(v.)遮盖；覆盖17．serve(v.)接待；服务18．temperature(n.)温度词汇拓展1.pollute→污染pollution→污染的polluted2．peace→peaceful3．believe→believable→(反义词)unbelievable4．possible→(反义词)impossible5．dig→(过去式，过去分词)dug→(现在分词)digging6.dangerous→危险danger→(反义词)safe7．disagree→(v.)agree8．sandwich→(pl.)sandwiches9．traditional→(n.)tradition10．celebrate→(n.)celebration11．serve→(n.)service重点短语1.参与某事playapart(in)2．处于危险中indanger3．数百hundredsof4．倒塌；突然倒下falldown5．寻找；寻求lookfor6．在未来inthefuture7.多次overandoveragain8．切碎cutup9．按通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turnon10．用……覆盖……cover…with11．一个接一个onebyone12．用……把……装满fill…with…重点句型1.Doyouthinktherewillberobotsinpeople'shomes？你认为人们家里将会有机器人吗？2．Peoplewilllivetobe200yearsold.人们将会活到200岁。3.What'syourpredictionaboutthefuture?关于未来你的预言是什么？4.Whatwillthefuturebelike?未来将会是什么样子？5．Howmanybananasdoweneed?我们需要多少香蕉？6．Howmuchyogurtdoweneed?我们需要多少酸奶？一、从下面方框中选择一个适当的词填空，每空一词，每词只用一次。danger pollute possible agree factorypour finally shake salt cover1．Couldyoupleasepourmeaglassofhotwater?2．Mymothercoveredthetablewithayellowclothyesterday.3．It'simpossibleformetofinishmyhomeworkinsuchashorttime.4．Finally，theKingsdecidedtogotoChinaforvacation.5．WeChineseoftenshakehandswhenwemeetpeopleforthefirsttime.6．Someofthefactoriesclosedlastyear，somanyworkershadtogohome.7．It'snotgoodforyourhealthtoeattoomuchsalt．8．Mybrotherthinksrobotscanworkasaperson，butIdisagreewithhim.9．IthinkthereislessairpollutioninHangzhouthaninothercitiesofChina.10．Don'trideyourbiketoofastinthestreet.It'sverydangerous．二、根据句意及汉语提示，用短语的恰当形式完成下列句子。11．How_much(多少)milkdoyouwant?12．Mom，Icanhelpyoucut_up(切碎)theonions.13．IfIdon'tdothis，Iwon'tbe_able_to(能够)fallasleeptonight.14．Mr.Brownwenttoseethehouseover_and_over_again(再三)beforehedecidedtobuyit.15．－Dad，Iwanttowatchthesportsnews.CouldIturn_on(打开)theTV?－Ofcourse，youcan.一、Everythingwillbefree.任何东西都是免费的。【考点精讲】everything为不定代词，意为“每件事”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg：Everythinggoeswell.一切都进行得很顺利。【拓展】(1)everything与否定词not连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非每件事；并非每样东西”。eg：Noteverythingisgood.并非每件事都是好的。(2)everything被形容词修饰时，应该放在形容词的前面。eg：Pleasehelpmeputeverythingnecessaryinthecar.请帮我把每件必需品都放到车里。 Since2000，Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything________．(2014，荆门) A．ischangedB．waschangedC．hadchangedD．haschanged【解析】D。句意：自从2000年，荆门已经变成了一个新城市。所有的事物都改变了。根据时间状语since2000以及主语everything，可知选D。【即时演练】Ⅰ.单项填空。1．Asmilecosts__C__，butgivessomuch. A．somethingB．anythingC．nothingD．everything2．Atpresent，childrenmean__A__tomostparentsinChina.(2014，河南)A．everythingB．nothingC．anythingD．something3．WhentheGreensmovedintothehouselastweek，__B__wasatsixesandsevens，sotheydidabigcleaning.(2012，武汉)A．somethingB．everythingC．anythingD．nothingⅡ.根据汉语完成句子。4．春天到了，万物开始生长。When_spring_comes，everything_begins_to_grow.5．你似乎知道每件重要的事情。It_seems_that_you_know_everything_important.二、Therewillbe(more/less/fewer)people.将会有(更多/更少/更少的)人。【考点精讲】(1)more是many和much的比较级，其后既可以跟可数名词复数，也可以跟不可数名词，意思是“更多的”。eg：Mr.Smithwantedtogetmoremoney.史密斯先生想得到更多的钱。(2)less是little的比较级，其后只接不可数名词，意思是“较少的，更少的”。eg：Thereislesswaterinthatglass.那个杯子里的水更少。(3)fewer是few的比较级，其后只接可数名词的复数形式，意思是“较少的，更少的”。eg：Ihavefewerfriendsinthatschool.在那所学校里我的朋友比较少。 —Manypeopleeat________meatthantheydidbefore.—Yes，that'swhythey'regettingfatterandfatter.(2014，贺州) A．moreB．lessC．fewerD．much【解析】A。考查比较级。根据句中than可知此处应该用比较级。根据答句：是的，那就是他们变得越来越胖的原因。可知前一句：很多人比以前吃的肉多了。而fewer修饰可数名词，故选A。【即时演练】Ⅰ.单项填空。1．Ifyouwanttobethinnerandhealthier，you'dbettereat__D__foodandtake______exercise. A．more；fewerB．more；lessC．fewer；moreD．less；more2．Duringthisyear'sReadingWeek，Ireadthemostbooksinourclass.Nooneread__B__booksthanI．(2014，苏州)A．mayB．moreC．fewD．fewer3．FuntawildAdventureisverypopularand__A__touristsvisitityearbyyear.(2014，芜湖)A．moreandmoreB．fewerandfewerC．lessandlessD．moreorless4．－Ithinktherewillbe__B__airpollutionwheneverthereare______peopledriving.－That'strue.Ihopetheairwillbefreshsoon.(2013，包头)A．less；lessB．less；fewerC．fewer；fewerD．fewer；less5．—__C__scientificattitudeisneededindevelopingourcity.—Iagreewithyou.Inthisway，wecanmakemistakes.(2014，成都)A．Fewer；lessB．Less；moreC．More；fewerⅡ.选词填空。6．Dalehasfewer(few；fewer)ChristmascardsthanIhave.7．Theybelievethattherewillbefewer(less；fewer)greentreesinfiftyyears.8．Heisillandhecaneatless(more；less)food.9．Thefathersaidtohisson，“Themore(more；much)，thebetter.”10．Davidhasless(less；fewer)moneythanAnnahas.三、Howmuchyogurtdoweneed？我们需要多少酸奶？【考点精讲】howmuch此处用来询问不可数名词的数量，意为“多少”。howmuch可单独使用，其后也可接不可数名词。eg：—Iwantsomeorangejuice.我想要一些橙汁。—Howmuchdoyouwant？你想要多少？Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?瓶子里有多少水？【拓展】howmuch还可用来询问价格，意为“多少钱”。eg：—Howmuchisthecomputer?这台电脑多少钱？—It'sfourthousandyuan.四千元。【注意】询问可数名词的数量用howmany。howmany后接可数名词复数形式。eg：HowmanypensdoesMaryhave？玛丽有几支钢笔？ —________milkdoyouwant?—Threebottles，please.(2014，乐山)A．Howmuch B．Howmany C．What【解析】A。由答语“三瓶”可知提问